San Fransisco Onsite面经 - ┅☆心随风飞 - 博客频道 - CSDN.NET


San Fransisco Onsite面经 - ┅☆心随风飞 - 博客频道 - CSDN.NET
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需要注意的一点是,在代码写完后,不少人会拍个照,所以代码还是写工整一点比较好,这个一开始不知道,字迹潦草了点有些吃亏。
第一轮问research和behavioral questions。
第二轮是Game of life,一个二维数组里,每个元素有生和死两个状态,根据周围元素的生死情况按规则进行状态转换。Follow up就是对大的file操作,而非内存中的数组。基本属于纯实现题目,很简单。
第三轮 实现web crawler。follow up是网页抓取和网页解析的异步实现。其实就是异步实现BFS。我用了三个queue去实现,除开一个本身BFS需要的queue,另外用了两个BlockedQueue,不知道对不对。
第四轮实现两个函数,int allocate()和void release(intid),每调用一次allocate返回的id需要unique,为1到N之间的一个整数。如果release以后,就可以继续被allocate。之前用array+hashmap,达到O(1)时间和O(N)空间。后来被告知空间用得太多,map空间效率低,最后用了bitmap。这题其实和实现文件系统的metadata区域比较类似,不过最后居然是用时间换空间,有点让我诧异。
第五轮系统设计:对分布式的server,获取对每台server各种信息汇总后的time series。非常的open-ended,反正把各种系统设计原理都用上就行了。
加吃饭一共面了6个小时,还有些题目不记得了。。。


Uber:
最大感觉是公司扩招得很厉害,但是体制的改进以及设施的更新都没有跟上,很多地方都不成熟。面试过程其实也不怎么规范,还要求带上自己的laptop。感觉由于快ipo了,逼格非常的高,题目比起FLAG难不少。
第一个面试官是烙印,感觉挺不友好的,一开始讨论项目经历的时候就各种不以为然。然后40分钟问了四个问题,根本没时间做完。第一题是LeetCode原题,next permutation,秒之。不过烙印一开是怀疑我的思路,后来费不少力气才说服。第二题是实现hash map,指明非要用chaining的方法,CC150上应该有,也秒之。最奇葩的是,刚开始写了一部分代码,后来烙印觉得我代码排版不够好,于是给我擦了,中间划了一条线,让我用双栏排版重写。(总共就只有一块很窄的竖着放的白板,白板上面1/3的空间其实浪费掉了,因为手根本够不着)。无奈就费了一些时间重写代码。之后让我实现concurrent map,有点实现读者写者问题的感觉,没时间写完。还剩5分钟的时候又问如何在chaining的机制下实现load factor,实在不会,后来发现答案其实解法刁钻。其实三哥也就进来了一个月,感觉牛逼哄哄的,做题的时候一直在旁边指手画脚,比如算法设计的时候一开始很容易声明一些多余的参数,等题目探索完了其实往往也就一目了然,自然最后会去掉,可是三哥中途非要指着说认为某参数不必要,严重影响了自己探索问题的乐趣和连续性。另外我也严重怀疑他如果不看标答,是否能够一开始就知道某个参数是最后不必要的,
第二个人就一道题目,感觉很难,想了40分钟才想出来一个解。要求设计一个数据结构,满足insert(int key),remove(int key)和int getMostFrequentKey()。对于同一个key,每次被insert,计数加1;每次被remove,计数减1;然后需要取最大count的key。要求所有操作都是O(1)复杂度。
这题首先通过尝试排除掉map+maxHeap的组合,然后又联想streaming max等各种尝试。后经过提示数据结构需要保持部分的排序性质(如果保证完全排序,插入删除操作是不可能O(1)的)。考虑到需要统计的count是整数,我就想到了bucket sort,另外联系类似LRU设计思想(doubly linked list + hash map),设计出了如下结构:
class Node {
         int key;
         int count;
}
class Bucket {
         Set<Node>set;        // All the nodes with equal count.
         Bucket prev;
         Bucket next;
}
Bucket head;
HashMap<Integer: key, Node: node>
虽然这个解被证明是可行的,但总感觉自己的设计有点过于复杂。做完这题后,脑力废去大半。。。
第三轮设计一个游戏,从起点到终点有两条不重合的长度相等的路径,每沿着当前路径走一步,需要耗费一定体力,如果切换到另一路径的相同位置,也需要耗费一些体力。每次只能继续往前或者切换路径,要求打印出消耗最少体力的路径。其实就是一个一般难度的DP问题,不过这个年代还考DP的真不多了。后来讨论了functional programming,要求给一个链表和一个filter函数指针,输出一个filter后的新链表,只能用递归写。其实iterative转recursive也不难。之后跟我讨论kmeans的并行实现,然后让我猜另一种clustering算法。我猜了hierarchical clustering和density-based,结果都没猜对,最后告诉我是想让我答EM算法。狂汗啊,我压根就没有把EM放到clustering分类里面。最后跟我聊了下最大似然估计。统计方面的东西自己不怎么懂,有些郁闷:自己明明面的infrastructure team,可是这货怎么总往machine learning上聊呢?这new grad要求也太全面了。。。
第四个人主要聊背景是否跟team match,题目只出了个power set,算是最后放松了下。

Twitter:
问题都不难,这里就不透露太多细节了。
1.      质数问题变种。
2.      各种sampling的问题,大数据的,分布式的。
3.      LeetCode原题:Clone alinked list with random pointers。
4.      设计如何分布式存储tweets,包括保持排序性质什么的。
5.      字符串匹配问题,都还没涉及到什么fancy的方法例如KMP什么的时间就完了。
6.      设计一个Timer class。
 估计由于我的项目经历,很多问题最后都延伸到了分布式实现和用MapReduce实现。

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