小米2013年校园招聘笔试题-简单并查集


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题目描述:
小明每天都在开源社区上做项目,假设每天他都有很多项目可以选,其中每个项目都有一个开始时间和截止时间,假设做完每个项目后,拿到报酬都是不同的。由于小明马上就要硕士毕业了,面临着买房、买车、给女友买各种包包的鸭梨,但是他的钱包却空空如也,他需要足够的money来充实钱包。万能的网友麻烦你来帮帮小明,如何在最短时间内安排自己手中的项目才能保证赚钱最多(注意:做项目的时候,项目不能并行,即两个项目之间不能有时间重叠,但是一个项目刚结束,就可以立即做另一个项目,即项目起止时间点可以重叠)。
解题思路:这里初始为-1。 可以直接用 f[] 数组记录人数,只不过是负的。节省空间.
02int n, m, f[100001],i;
03
04int findSet(int x) {
05    int t = x;
06    while (f[x] > 0)
07        x = f[x];
08    while (t != x) { //路径压缩
09        int q = f[t];
10        f[t] = x;
11        t = q;
12    }
13    return x;
14}
15
16void unionSet(int x, int y) {
17    int fx = findSet(x);
18    int fy = findSet(y);
19    if (fx != fy) {
20        n--;
21        int tmp = f[fx] + f[fy];//两个集合个数之和
22        if (f[fx] < f[fy]) {  //大集合 吞并小集合.
23            f[fy] = fx;
24            f[fx] = tmp;
25        else {
26            f[fx] = fy;
27            f[fy] = tmp;
28        }
29    }
30}
31
32int main() {
33    //freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
34    int a,b;
35    while(scanf("%d",&n), n) {
36        scanf("%d", &m);
37        for( i=1; i<=n; i++)
38        f[i] = -1;
39        for(i=0; i<m; i++) {
40            scanf("%d %d", &a,&b);
41            unionSet(a,b);
42        }
43        printf("%d\n", n);
44    }
45    return 0;
46}
DP:
可以按照01背包思路解决。不同之处在于:01背包中是顺序无关的这里按结束的时间先排序。(也可以按开始时间排序,遍历的次序需要颠倒一下
int main(){
16    int n, i, j;
17    //freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
18    while(scanf("%d", &n) != EOF){
19        for(i=1; i<=n; i++){
20            scanf("%d %d %d", &p[i].st, &p[i].ed, &p[i].value);
21            dp[i] = 0;
22        }
23        sort(p+1, p+n+1, cmp); //按结束时间排序是重点
24        dp[0] = 0;
25        for(i=1; i<=n; i++){
26 
27            //查找最的j,可满足当前的i。都不满足就j=0
28            for(j=i-1; j>0; j--){
29                if(p[i].st >= p[j].ed)
30                    break;
31            }
32            dp[i] = dp[j] + p[i].value;
33            if(dp[i] < dp[i-1])
34                dp[i] = dp[i-1];
35        }
36        printf("%d\n",dp[n]);
37    }
38    return 0;
39}
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