hihoCoder Problem 1121: 二分图一*二分图判定


hihoCoder Problem 1121: 二分图一•二分图判定 | 本站已迁移到www.code.bitjoy.net
大家好,我是小Hi和小Ho的小伙伴Nettle,从这个星期开始由我来完成我们的Weekly。

新年回家,又到了一年一度大龄剩男剩女的相亲时间。Nettle去姑姑家玩的时候看到了一张姑姑写的相亲情况表,上面都是姑姑介绍相亲的剩男剩女们。每行有2个名字,表示这两个人有一场相亲。由于姑姑年龄比较大了记性不是太好,加上相亲的人很多,所以姑姑一时也想不起来其中有些人的性别。因此她拜托我检查一下相亲表里面有没有错误的记录,即是否把两个同性安排了相亲。

OK,让我们愉快的暴力搜索吧!

才怪咧。

对于拿到的相亲情况表,我们不妨将其转化成一个图。将每一个人作为一个点(编号1..N),若两个人之间有一场相亲,则在对应的点之间连接一条无向边。(如下图)


因为相亲总是在男女之间进行的,所以每一条边的两边对应的人总是不同性别。假设表示男性的节点染成白色,女性的节点染色黑色。对于得到的无向图来说,即每一条边的两端一定是一白一黑。如果存在一条边两端同为白色或者黑色,则表示这一条边所表示的记录有误。

由于我们并不知道每个人的性别,我们的问题就转化为判定是否存在一个合理的染色方案,使得我们所建立的无向图满足每一条边两端的顶点颜色都不相同。

那么,我们不妨将所有的点初始为未染色的状态。随机选择一个点,将其染成白色。再以它为起点,将所有相邻的点染成黑色。再以这些黑色的点为起点,将所有与其相邻未染色的点染成白色。不断重复直到整个图都染色完成。(如下图)


在染色的过程中,我们应该怎样发现错误的记录呢?相信你一定发现了吧。对于一个已经染色的点,如果存在一个与它相邻的已染色点和它的颜色相同,那么就一定存在一条错误的记录。(如上图的4,5节点)

到此我们就得到了整个图的算法:

选取一个未染色的点u进行染色
遍历u的相邻节点v:若v未染色,则染色成与u不同的颜色,并对v重复第2步;若v已经染色,如果 u和v颜色相同,判定不可行退出遍历。
若所有节点均已染色,则判定可行。
接下来就动手写写吧!

输入
第1行:1个正整数T(1≤T≤10)

接下来T组数据,每组数据按照以下格式给出:

第1行:2个正整数N,M(1≤N≤10,000,1≤M≤40,000)

第2..M+1行:每行两个整数u,v表示u和v之间有一条边

输出
第1..T行:第i行表示第i组数据是否有误。如果是正确的数据输出"Correct",否则输出"Wrong"

样例输入
2
5 5
1 2
1 3
3 4
5 2
1 5
5 5
1 2
1 3
3 4
5 2
3 5

样例输出
Wrong
Correct

本题考察二分图的判定,最简单的染色问题。
  提示使用暴力搜索,其实就是BFS广度优先搜索。有一点需要注意的是,无向图可能有多个连通分量,比如下图。

  此图有两个连通分量,且两个分量都可以相亲成功,但如果只从第1点开始BFS,则不能遍历到第二个分量,导致失败。所以需要对每一个还未染色的点都开始BFS,如果都尝试过了还有点未染色,二分图判定失败;否则成功。

int n, m;
vector<int> colored;
vector<vector<int>> path;
bool BFS(int start)
{
colored[start] = 0;
int num_colored = 1;
queue<int> point;
point.push(start);
while (!point.empty())
{
int current = point.front();
point.pop();
for (int i = 0; i < path[current].size(); i++)
{
if (colored[path[current][i]] == -1)
{
if (colored[current] == 0)
colored[path[current][i]] = 1;
else if (colored[current] == 1)
colored[path[current][i]] = 0;
num_colored++;
point.push(path[current][i]);
}
else if (colored[current] == colored[path[current][i]])
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
bool Check()
{
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
if (colored[i] == -1)
if (!BFS(i))
return false;
return true;
}
int main()
{
int t,u,v;
scanf("%d", &t);
while (t--)
{
scanf("%d %d", &n, &m);
colored.clear();
colored.resize(n + 1, -1);
path.clear();
path.resize(n + 1);
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
scanf("%d %d", &u, &v);
path[u].push_back(v);
path[v].push_back(u);
}
if (Check())
printf("Correct\n");
else
printf("Wrong\n");
}
return 0;
}

http://www.cnblogs.com/yspworld/p/4306593.html
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