[ACM] POJ 3061 Subsequence (尺取法) - 逆风的方向 更适合飞翔 - 博客频道 - CSDN.NET


Description
A sequence of N positive integers (10 < N < 100 000), each of them less than or equal 10000, and a positive integer S (S < 100 000 000) are given. Write a program to find the minimal length of the subsequence of consecutive elements of the sequence, the sum of which is greater than or equal to S.
Input
The first line is the number of test cases. For each test case the program has to read the numbers N and S, separated by an interval, from the first line. The numbers of the sequence are given in the second line of the test case, separated by intervals. The input will finish with the end of file.
题意为:给定长度为n的整数数列以及整数S,求出总和不小于S的连续子序列的长度的最小值,如果解 不存在,输出0.
第二种方法:尺取法
反复地推进区间的开头和末尾,来求满足条件的最小区间的方法称为尺取法。
主要思想为:当a1,  a2  , a3 满足和>=S,得到一个区间长度3,那么去掉开头a1,   剩下 a2,a3,判断是否满足>=S,如果满足,那么区间长度更新,如果不满足,那么尾部向后拓展,判断a2,a3,a4是否满足条件。重复这样的操作。
个人对尺取法的理解:
当一个区间满足条件时,那么去掉区间开头第一个数,得到新区间,判断新区间是否满足条件,如果不
满足条件,那么区间末尾向后扩展,直到满足条件为之,这样就得到了许多满足条件的区间,再根据题
意要求什么,就可以在这些区间中进行选择,比如区间最长,区间最短什么的。这样跑一遍下来,时间
复杂度为O(n)。
  1. int num[maxn];  
  2. int n,S;  
  3.   
  4. int main()  
  5. {  
  6.     int t;scanf("%d",&t);  
  7.     while(t--)  
  8.     {  
  9.         scanf("%d%d",&n,&S);  
  10.         for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)  
  11.             scanf("%d",&num[i]);  
  12.         int sum=0,s=1,e=1;  
  13.         int ans=n+1;  
  14.         for(;;)  
  15.         {  
  16.             while(e<=n&&sum<S)  
  17.                 sum+=num[e++];  
  18.             if(sum<S)  
  19.                 break;  
  20.             ans=min(ans,e-s);  
  21.             sum-=num[s++];  
  22.         }  
  23.         if(ans==n+1)  
  24.             cout<<0<<endl;  
  25.         else  
  26.             cout<<ans<<endl;  
  27.     }  
  28.     return 0;  
第一种方法:
先求出sum[i],从第1个数到第i个数的区间和,每次固定一个开始查找的起点sum[i],  然后采用二分查找找到 sum[i] + S 的位置,区间长度即为(末位置-(起始位置-1)),用ans保存过程中区间的最小值。时间复杂度 0(nlogn)
  1. int num[maxn];  
  2. int sum[maxn];  
  3. int n,S;  
  4.   
  5. int main()  
  6. {  
  7.     int t;scanf("%d",&t);  
  8.     while(t--)  
  9.     {  
  10.         scanf("%d%d",&n,&S);  
  11.         sum[0]=0;  
  12.         for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)  
  13.         {  
  14.             scanf("%d",&num[i]);  
  15.             sum[i]=sum[i-1]+num[i];  
  16.         }  
  17.         if(sum[n]<S)  
  18.         {  
  19.             cout<<0<<endl;  
  20.             continue;  
  21.         }  
  22.         int ans=maxn;  
  23.         for(int s=0;sum[s]+S<=sum[n];s++)//从sum[s+1]开始查找,s是开始查找的数的前一个位置  
  24.         {  
  25.             int t=lower_bound(sum+s+1,sum+n+1,sum[s]+S)-(sum+s);//sum+s是从第sum+s+1个地址开始查找的前一个地址,所以找到的地址减去这个地址即为区间长度  
  26.             ans=min(ans,t);  
  27.         }  
  28.         printf("%d\n",ans);  
  29.     }  
  30.     return 0;  
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