面试题:递归颠倒栈 与栈排序 - youxin - 博客园


面试题:递归颠倒栈 与栈排序 - youxin - 博客园
题目:用递归颠倒一个栈。例如输入栈{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}1在栈顶。颠倒之后的栈为{5, 4, 3, 2, 1}5处在栈顶。
http://zhedahht.blog.163.com/blog/static/25411174200943182411790/
我们把栈{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}看成由两部分组成:栈顶元素1和剩下的部分{2, 3, 4, 5}。如果我们能把{2, 3, 4, 5}颠倒过来,变成{5, 4, 3, 2}然后在把原来的栈顶元素1放到底部,那么就整个栈就颠倒过来了,变成{5, 4, 3, 2, 1}思路类似hanoi问题
我们需要考虑的另外一件事情是如何把一个元素e放到一个栈的底部,也就是如何实现AddToStackBottom。这件事情不难,只需要把栈里原有的元素逐一pop出来。当栈为空的时候,push元素e进栈,此时它就位于栈的底部了。然后再把栈里原有的元素按照pop相反的顺序逐一push进栈。
注意到我们在push元素e之前,我们已经把栈里原有的所有元素都pop出来了,我们需要把它们保存起来,以便之后能把他们再push回去。我们当然可以开辟一个数组来做,但这没有必要。由于我们可以用递归来做这件事情,而递归本身就是一个栈结构。我们可以用递归的栈来保存这些元素。
// Add an element to the bottom of a stack:
template<typename T> void AddToStackBottom(std::stack<T>& stack, T t)
{
    if(stack.empty())
    {
        stack.push(t);
    }
    else
    {
        T top = stack.top();
        stack.pop();
        AddToStackBottom(stack, t);
        stack.push(top);
    }
}
http://bylijinnan.iteye.com/blog/1447035
  1.      * Q 66.颠倒栈。 
  2.      * 题目:用递归颠倒一个栈。例如输入栈{1,2,3,4,5},1在栈顶。 
  3.      * 颠倒之后的栈为{5,4,3,2,1},5处在栈顶。 
  4.      *1. Pop the top element 
  5.      *2. Reverse the remaining stack 
  6.      *3. Add the top element to the bottom of the remaining stack 
  7.      */  
  1.     public void reverseStack(Stack<Integer> stack){  
  2.         if(!stack.empty()){  
  3.             Integer top=stack.pop();  
  4.             reverseStack(stack);  
  5.             addToBottom(stack,top);  
  6.         }  
  7.     }  
  8.     public void addToBottom(Stack<Integer> stack,Integer ele){  
  9.         if(stack.empty()){  
  10.             stack.push(ele);  
  11.         }else{  
  12.             Integer top=stack.pop();  
  13.             addToBottom(stack,ele);//important  
  14.             stack.push(top);  
  15.         }  
  16.     }
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