程序员面试题精选100题(55)-不用+、-、×、÷做加法[算法] - 何海涛的日志 - 网易博客


程序员面试题精选100题(55)-不用+、-、×、÷做加法[算法] - 何海涛的日志 - 网易博客
题目:写一个函数,求两个整数的之和,要求在函数体内不得使用+、-、×、÷。
5的二进制是10117的二进制10001。还是试着把计算分成三步:第一步各位相加但不计进位,得到的结果是10100(最后一位两个数都是1,相加的结果是二进制的10。这一步不计进位,因此结果仍然是0);第二步记下进位。在这个例子中只在最后一位相加时产生一个进位,结果是二进制的10;第三步把前两步的结果相加,得到的结果是10110,正好是22。由此可见三步走的策略对二进制也是管用的。
接下来我们试着把二进制上的加法用位运算来替代。第一步不考虑进位,对每一位相加。00 11的结果都00110的结果都是1。我们可以注意到,这和异或的结果是一样的。对异或而言,0011异或的结果是0,而0110的异或结果是1。接着考虑第二步进位,对000110而言,都不会产生进位,只有11时,会向前产生一个进位。此时我们可以想象成是两个数先做位与运算,然后再向左移动一位。只有两个数都是1的时候,位与得到的结果是1,其余都是0。第三步把前两个步骤的结果相加。如果我们定义一个函数AddWithoutArithmetic,第三步就相当于输入前两步骤的结果来递归调用自己。
int AddWithoutArithmetic(int num1, int num2)
{
        if(num2 == 0)
                return num1;
 
        int sum = num1 ^ num2;
        int carry = (num1 & num2)<<1;
        return AddWithoutArithmetic(sum, carry);
}
Related:题目:求1+2+…+n,要求不能使用乘除法、forwhileifelseswitchcase等关键字以及条件判断语句(A?B:C
http://zhedahht.blog.163.com/blog/static/2541117420072915131422/
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