交替字符串


交替字符串
输入三个字符串s1、s2和s3,判断第三个字符串s3是否由前两个字符串s1和s2交错而成,即不改变s1和s2中各个字符原有的相对顺序,例如当s1 = "aabcc",s2 = "dbbca",s3 = "aadbbcbcac"时,则输出true,但如果s3="accabdbbca",则输出false。
此题不能简单的排序,因为一旦排序,便改变了s1或s2中各个字符原始的相对顺序,既然不能排序,咱们可以考虑下用动态规划的方法,令dp[i][j]代表s3[0...i+j-1]是否由s1[0...i-1]和s2[0...j-1]的字符组成
  • 如果s1当前字符(即s1[i-1])等于s3当前字符(即s3[i+j-1]),而且dp[i-1][j]为真,那么可以取s1当前字符而忽略s2的情况,dp[i][j]返回真;
  • 如果s2当前字符等于s3当前字符,并且dp[i][j-1]为真,那么可以取s2而忽略s1的情况,dp[i][j]返回真,其它情况,dp[i][j]返回假
public boolean IsInterleave(String s1, String 2, String 3){
    int n = s1.length(), m = s2.length(), s = s3.length();

    //如果长度不一致,则s3不可能由s1和s2交错组成
    if (n + m != s)
        return false;

    boolean[][]dp = new boolean[n + 1][m + 1];

    //在初始化边界时,我们认为空串可以由空串组成,因此dp[0][0]赋值为true。
    dp[0][0] = true;

    for (int i = 0; i < n + 1; i++){
        for (int j = 0; j < m + 1; j++){
            if ( dp[i][j] || (i - 1 >= 0 && dp[i - 1][j] == true &&
                //取s1字符
                s1.charAT(i - 1) == s3.charAT(i + j - 1)) ||

                (j - 1 >= 0 && dp[i][j - 1] == true &&
                //取s2字符
                s2.charAT(j - 1) == s3.charAT(i + j - 1)) )

                dp[i][j] = true;
            else
                dp[i][j] = false;
        }
    }
    return dp[n][m]
}
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