关于<<算法导论>>上的主定理(Master Theorem)的证明 - young7的个人空间 - 开源中国社区


关于<<算法导论>>上的主定理(Master Theorem)的证明 - young7的个人空间 - 开源中国社区
1,证明的总体思路
首先,求出递归式的非递归形式,即用多个多项式的和将递归式表示出来
接着,分析这个多项式的和,然后证明之。(证明内部又要分开两个阶段进行)
总之,求出递归式的和式,是证明的开始的基础,所有后续的证明,都要基于这个和式展开的。
首先画出递归树
1)树的高度h
这里需要重点理解的是,从这个和式我们可以直观地感受到,如果两个部分中谁的阶数较高,则谁决定和式的上界。因此接着的具体证明就是围绕着这两部分的大小关系展开的。我们有以下几种情况:
(留意f(n)是划分当前问题的代价,也是非叶子节点的代价。 是所有叶子节点的代价,即基本情况的代价的和)
1)如果第一部分比第二部分的阶数要高,这意味着递归树的总代价由叶子的代价决定
2)如果两部分相等,这意味着递归树的总代价分布均匀,由叶子节点和其它节点共同决定
3)如果第二部分阶数比第一部分要高,这意味着递归树的总代价由内层叶子决定,也即是说,划分问题的代价决定递归树的总代价
If f(n) = O\left( n^{c} \right) where c < \log_b a (using Big O notation)
then:
T(n) = \Theta\left( n^{\log_b a} \right)


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