解题笔记(3)――随机数选择 - wuzhekai的专栏 - 博客频道 - CSDN.NET


解题笔记(3)――随机数选择 - wuzhekai的专栏 - 博客频道 - CSDN.NET
       问题: 从0, 1 ,2 ... n-1中随机选择m个数,每个数选中的概率要求一样,而且不允许重复。选中的数按顺序输出。比如,0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5中随机选3个数,如果选的是1,4, 5,那么输出的顺序也应该是1, 4, 5。下面实现中,用的随机函数都是C的库函数,这个函数产生的随机数的范围是限定的,[0, 32767],如果要产生更大的随机数,需另外实现随机函数,将rand() 替换掉。比如下面这个函数。


http://www.cnblogs.com/dandingyy/archive/2012/09/09/2677511.html
2.4方法三:打乱数组顺序
时间效率:时间上为O(n+mlogm), 一次初始化和排序。空间上也需要O(n).
   对于包含整数0~n-1的数组,打乱数组的前m个元素,然后把前m个元素排序输出即可。
 void genshuf(int m, int n)
    {
        vector<int> x(n);
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            x[i] = i;
        for(int j = 0; j < m; j++)
        {
            int k = randint(i, n-1);
            SWAP(x[i], x[k]);
        }
        sort(x, x+m);
        for(int j = 0; j < m; j++)
            cout << x[j] << endl;
    }
2.2方法一:使用set集
  这种方法也是一种较为通用的方法,使用set不仅排除了生成相同的数字,对其遍历的过程也实现了排序。
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