Generate all binary strings from given pattern - GeeksforGeeks


Generate all binary strings from given pattern - GeeksforGeeks
Given a string containing of '0', '1' and '?' wildcard characters, generate all binary strings that can be formed by replacing each wildcard character by '0' or '1'.


Input str = "1??0?101"
Output: 
        10000101
        10001101
        10100101
        10101101
        11000101
        11001101
        11100101
        11101101
We pass index of next character to the recursive function. If the current character is a wildcard character ‘?’, we replace it by ‘0’ or ‘1’ and recurse for remaining characters. We print the string if we reaches its end.
void print(string str, int index)
{
    if (index == str.size())
    {
        cout << str << endl;
        return;
    }
 
    if (str[index] == '?')
    {
        // replace '?' by '0' and recurse
        str[index] = '0';
        print(str, index + 1);
 
        // replace '?' by '1' and recurse
        str[index] = '1';
        print(str, index + 1);
 
        // No need to backtrack as string is passed
        // by value to the function
    }
    else
        print(str, index + 1);
}

// Iterative function to generate all binary strings
// formed by replacing each wildcard character by 0
// or 1
void print(string str)
{
    queue<string> q;
    q.push(str);
 
    while (!q.empty())
    {
        string str = q.front();
 
        // find position of first occurrence of wildcard
        size_t index = str.find('?');
 
        // If no matches were found,
        // find returns string::npos
        if(index != string::npos)
        {
            // replace '?' by '0' and push string into queue
            str[index] = '0';
            q.push(str);
 
            // replace '?' by '1' and push string into queue
            str[index] = '1';
            q.push(str);
        }
 
        else
            // If no wildcard characters are left,
            // print the string.
            cout << str << endl;
 
        q.pop();
    }
}
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